Gaddafi free essay sample

The individual that I decided to speak to Machiavellis thoughts is Muammar Gaddafi. He is the longest serving head of state on the planet close to Queen Elizabeth II. He is known for his questionable political technique and his strange character. Gaddafi is effectively seen in creature skins and brilliant dress. His name normally springs up on arrangements of the most noticeably terrible dressed world pioneers. Ronald Regan named him the Mad Dog of the Middle East. Muammar Gaddafis notoriety ranges from a well known progressive to a global reject. Gaddafi moved on from the University of Libya at that point kept on pursueing British military instruction. While in Great Britain he started to devise an arrangement to oust the Libyan government. In 1969, Libyan King Idris was ousted by a little gathering of Gaddafis Junior military pioneers. After a year, being propelled by Egyptian President Gamal Nasser, he chose to close US and British army installations and oust all Italians and Jews. We will compose a custom paper test on Gaddafi or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page While attempting to uphold Islamic communism, he restricted mixed refreshments and betting and fizzled at attempting to join Libya with different nations. By the mid-1980s, he was generally viewed in the West as the chief agent of worldwide fear based oppression. He was likewise denounced by the United Conditions of being answerable for direct control of the 1986 Berlin discotheque that slaughtered three individuals and injured more than 200, of whom a considerable number were U. S. servicemen. Gaddafis embraced little girl was executed in a shelling of Libya that was reprisal for the U. S. After that two Libyans were blamed for setting a bomb on Pan Am Flight 103, which detonated and slaughtered 270 individuals, Gaddafi wouldn't surrender the suspects to America or Britain. Gaddafi at last conceded obligation regarding the assault in 2003 and paid more than $2. 7 billion to the groups of the people in question, starting the finish of Libyas worldwide disengagement. Presently in Machiavellis The Qualities ofa Prince the absolute first passage discusses how everything managing the administration is seen through a military focal point. Machiavelli doesnt accept that the sovereign is a man who is talented in numerous orders, yet he accepts that the ruler should claim an obligation to ensure that whatever he administers is steady. Gaddafi assumed liability for Libya by making his own type of government called Jamahiriya, in which the country is administered by the majority or neighborhood chambers and he protected his legislature by saying, There is no state with a vote based system aside from Libya n the entire planet. Machiavelli additionally brings up the issue whether it is smarter to be cherished than to be dreaded. In the twelfth passage he states l state that each ruler must want to be viewed as tolerant and not savage; by and by, he should take care not to abuse this kindness. It is said that Gaddafis models and contemplations move the battl ing grieved masses and frequents the ones doing the difficulty. This is the reason he is cherished by individuals of the world, however dreaded by the decision coteries who realize that his words and activities uncover them for what they are.

Evaluation of Literature Reviews of Three Articles Essay

A writing audit is a report of data distributed before from books, diaries, papers, or any dependable articles that show importance and noteworthiness to the examination study being led. It isn't only a synopsis of information and insightful conclusions on a particular theme by researchers and scholarly specialists, yet it is additionally a criticalâ investigation of different written works that tries to figure out what information and thoughts are now referred to thatâ fill in as the guide and backing to the proposition articulation and target of the exploration study being directed (Taylor, 2006). A writing audit is the piece of a scholastic research study that comprehends the examination issue. From this, it very well may be seen that a writing audit must have the accompanying standards: (1) shows assorted variety of thoughts, hypotheses and assessments by checking on the latest literary works yet additionally recognizes old written works at whatever point required (for example for recorded purposes); (2) not just sums up the written works accessible however above all, it fundamentally breaks down, depicts, and thinks about such literary works in a composed way; and (3) should address the issues or issues that prompts the accomplishment of the targets of the examination study being completed.  â â â â â â â â â â A decent writing audit can be best portrayed by investigating the writing survey segment of at any rate three articles, looking into them utilizing the four measures referenced previously. Article 1 is entitled ‘Integrating Earnings and Cash Flows Per Common Share’. The article expects to decide the significance of detailing both the income per share and the income per offer and how such reports can give data about the monetary strength of an association. Article 1’s writing survey is acceptable in light of the fact that it had the option to introduce different as of late distributed examinations that show what happened when just the profit per share was accounted for, giving emp hasis on the significance of opportune revealing both the income per share and the income per share ; that is, it had the option to give a decent hypothetical system to the investigation, helping the writers accomplish the article’s objective. The writers know about the motivation behind the examination and that the article is planned for bookkeepers, budgetary investigators, chiefs and bookkeeping and money understudies, along these lines they had the option to audit and break down noteworthy past examinations that can address the issue without the need to characterize specialized monetary terms. The majority of these investigations were distributed as of late, between the years 1997 to 2005, guaranteeing that the substance of the writing survey isn't obsolete for practicality is significant in managing specialized issues like budgetary and bookkeeping issues. The audit likewise mirrors an assorted variety of applicable thoughts regarding the subject. Be that as it may, the writing survey isn't efficient; a writing is examined in a passage and the following section talks about another writing without consistently connecting one from the different as though the following passage is for another point. The writers could have utilized words, for example, additionally, for example, or besides that assist perusers with seeing plainly the correlations and connections between the literary works being investigated.  â â â â â â â â â â The following article is entitled ‘Security Returns and the Value Relevance of Accounting Data’ which was distributed in 1999. The article is specialized in nature that perusers without a decent foundation in bookkeeping can't have the option to completely comprehend the article. Truth be told the article was introduced at the American Accounting Association Doctoral Consortium and at the American Accounting Association/Taiwan Accounting Association First Globalization Conference, which implies that the writer is a lot of mindful of the crowd who will profit the article. Since it was introduced in a meeting of expert bookkeepers, the article can be utilized as a scholastic hotspot for understudies and different bookkeepers. It points on deciding the relationship and significance between a firm’s bookkeeping information and the profits it picked up. The writings surveyed present confirmations that address this issue and show that bookkeeping information mirror the monetary profits, conditions and occasions in a firm which are significant in dynamic. However,â the diaries utilized as references are very old which were really distributed between the years 1940 and 1999. It would be better if the creators found and utilized research considers that have later and more up to date thoughts regarding the issue in light of the fact that â€Å"the later the investigation, the more important it tends to be† (Literature Review, 2004.). The writing audit is additionally concise however shows exhaustiveness and association despite the fact that it doesn't show an assorted variety of conclusion since it utilizes just hardly any literary works.  â â â â â â â â â â The third article is about human asset the board entitled ‘Why individuals remain: utilizing work embeddedness to anticipate deliberate turnover’ distributed in 2000. Its writing survey segment audits and looks at different friend checked on diaries and scholastic books that managed speculations about worker turnover, inspiration, work fulfillment, representative mentalities, authoritative conduct, and employment responsibility. Among the three articles, this article is the most composed research concentrate just as the one having the most assorted thoughts and speculations, coming about to an exceptionally far reaching audit. It utilizes headings and subheadings to show changes in theme and subtopics. Its substance incorporates past and current speculations, mirroring that the creators recognized and viably coordinated these hypotheses to concoct better discoveries that help achive the destinations of the examination. The creators have effectiveley looked into such hypotheses that came about to increasingly dependable resolutions. The audit is a powerful reference to administrators, experts, and different associations just as understudies to have the option to have information on representative maintenance. References: Easton, P. (1999) Security Returns and the Value Relevance of Accounting Data,  â â â â â â â â â â Accounting Horizons 13:4, pp.399-412 â€Å"Literature Review† (2004) recovered online on March 9, 2007  â â â â â â â â â â  http://library.ups.edu/train/ricig/comm105/litreview.htm Mitchell, T., Holtom, B., Lee, T., and Erez, M (2000) Why People Stay: Using Job  â â â â â â â â â â Embeddedness to Predict Voluntary Turnover  â â â â â â â â â â Academy of Management Journal, 44:8; 1102-1121 Stone, K. also, Niemeyer, R. (2005) Integrating Earnings and Cash Flows Per Common  â â â â â â â â â â  Share, The Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research, Fall, 1, 1, Accounting  and Tax Periodicals, pp. 63-76 Taylor, Dena (2006) The Literature Review: A Few Tips on Conducting It  â â â â â â â â â â Retrieved online on March 9, 2007  â â â â â â â â â â http://www.utoronto.ca/composing/litrev.html

Population and Water Resources free essay sample

Conceptual Water is a limited asset which implies that the aggregate sum of water in the planet is just restricted. Its flexibly continues as before but then human populace as of late develops coming about to a diminishing of accessible measure of freshwater per individual. The generally modest quantity of accessible freshwater expounds on how basic it is for everybody to help save and look after spotless, solid lakes and streams, our wellsprings of water. Water is for the most part presently being squandered on the grounds that it is under-valued. We don't understand its importance. Additionally, the lopsided circulation of water assets has prompted the phase of shortage in various locales. The paper means to discover potential ways on the most proficient method to stop keeps an eye on activities of squandering and wavering on the planets flexibly of water. Water is lifes matter and lattice, mother and medium. There is no existence without water. - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi For endurance, man relies upon water. We will compose a custom exposition test on Populace and Water Resources or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It courses and experiences our bodies, recharging supplements and diverting waste materials. Water originated from the ice-topped mountains, liquefied and in the long run became streams and to seas. It is the most conveyed substance on our planet, and in various sums it is accessible all over the place and assumes a significant job in human life. Of most significance is new water. No exercises of person and life is unthinkable without it since it very well may be subbed by nothing. In various chronicles, water has been a feature of custom. Civic establishments have risen in various nations. The Chinese human progress started in the Yellow River (Huang Ho) and the Egyptian from the Nile River. The two waterways can deliver rich soil, which made it simple for urban areas to jump up close by the banks. The Earth’s flexibly of water continues as before but the total populace keeps on developing. Aside from the populace increment and the low precipitation in numerous thickly populated zones, interest for water has ascended for different reasons. On the planet today, progress and success go connected at the hip with a solid water gracefully. New water is sustainable just by precipitation, at the pace of 40,000 to 50,000 cubic kilometers for each year. However, because of the escalated urbanization, deforestation, and mechanical cultivating, the earths surface is drying. On the off chance that current patterns despite everything persevere, the water in all stream bowls on each mainland could consistently be drained. Sullying by toxins has truly corrupted water quality in numerous waterways, lakes and groundwater assets decreasing the gracefully of water for human use. While the expansion in populace alone has expanded the difficulties to water the executives, especially in the region of sanitation, the best dangers are from a wide assortment of mechanical and farming sources. Drinking and faucet water are regularly squandered on the grounds that they are under-evaluated. The expense of utilizing or mis-utilizing water is paid either by generally the client or everywhere by the network. As water request keeps on expanding, it turns out to be considerably progressively essential to see that it is coordinated to high-esteemed social employments. As the populace builds, the measure of freshwater accessible per individual abatements. Man has been moving insecurely on the edge of a worldwide emergency that is being decline by environmental change, which are contracting ice sheets and raising ocean levels. Somewhere in the range of 1900 and 1995, world interest for water increased by six, double the pace of populace development over a similar period. The six billion individuals utilize about 30% of the world’s absolute available reestablishment gracefully of water. By 2025, that worth may arrive at 70% but then billions of individuals need fundamental water administrations, and millions kick the bucket every year from water-related maladies. As per the United Nations, more than one billion individuals living on earth as of now need access to crisp drinking water. Similarly as our bodies expect water to discard squander items, plenteous water is required for appropriate sanitation. Nourishment creation would likewise be subject to water. Numerous harvests, obviously, are watered by downpour, yet as of late water system has become the way to taking care of the universes quickly developing populace. Today 36 percent of the universes collect relies upon water system. In any case, the universes complete territory of watered cropland arrived at a top around 20 years back, and it has been falling consistently from that point forward. On the off chance that a lot of water streams out in our home and in the event that we have a sterile can that helpfully flushes away waste, it might be difficult to accept that the world is coming up short on a satisfactory flexibly of water. Just 20 percent of humanity appreciate such extravagances. In Africa, numerous ladies spend as much as six hours daily bringing water and often it is dirtied.

A Simple Tip About Help with Academic Writing Uncovered

A Simple Tip About Help with Academic Writing Uncovered How to Find Help with Academic Writing Thus, placing an order on the site provides you the additional advantage of locating the writer who best suits your requirements. You're probably seeking the greatest academic writing service available online, which is the reason why you've stumbled upon our site. Our site is where you are able to purchase low-cost customized term papers and still expect quality solutions. The website includes various channels of communication for those students. If you would like to get high excellent research and thesis papers punctually and for an affordable price, you should probably attempt using EssaySupply.com. Especially, in regards to ordering a paper from an internet firm. After you're prepared to order an academic paper, it's time to choose which business you wish to employ. Just because you're searching for an affordable term paper writing service doesn't imply that you should skimp on quality. If you don't remember to reference properly, you could be accused of plagiarism. For instance, it isn't an issue for them to make a research paper or a coursework in a few hours. There are various kinds of term papers, each one with distinctive methods of writing them. Although some term papers do not need extensive research, some can necessitate a whole lot of collecting, compiling, and reading sources. Writing an excellent conclusion may be the very best approach to impress the readers and the audiences. An excellent introduction is made up of hook to catch the reader's attention, a brief description of a matter, and a thesis statement. Writing has its private significance, but the research which goes inside that writing is the element which makes an essay fine or ineffective. You must have a wide understanding of a subject, follow the demands and adhere to the academic manner of writing. What to Expect From Help with Academic Writing? To put it differently, you can get a term paper or another homework assignment whilst preserving your anonymity. So, you may rest assured your term paper service is going to be delivered by means of a pro. Though the procedure is simple but all you have to be mindful in deciding on the ideal Assignment Writing Company. The key elements of a term paper title page Whether you're writing high school term papers or scholarly research papers, the elements have to be organized in the most appropriate manner for the term paper to work. Assignment Help Global is 1 stop solution for all sorts of assignment of MBA and Engineering. Online Dissertation Writing Online Dissertation Writing is thought of as one of the most appropriate for availing dissertation help, but in addition they provide writing services for assorted academic documents. Academic writing services provide students with all kinds of academic writing. If you're looking for research paper help then Writing Junction is the response to your prayers since it is the ideal research paper writing service! Every academic and non-academic paper is simple for them. There are plenty of excellent writing tools offered for the Mac, but few are designed especially to cater to the demands of academic writing. Writing effective customized term papers is a procedure that involves many actions. In case you have any issues with writing a term paper, then we're here to provide low-cost term paper writing service. Essentially, it's an assignment that must be fulfilled within a specific term. Education is essential, and each assignment is student's major concern. When you get a term paper from us, you may rest assured that we'll carefully comply with all the assignment instructions and supply you with a 100% error-free paper that will guarantee a great grade. A term paper is a complex sort of assignment due to the precise structure and requirements. Help with Academic Writing - Dead or Alive? Moreover, others even sell the identical term papers to students in precisely the same class! In many instances, students are made to rush the theses just in order to finish in time. Frequently the students are hard-pressed for time or don't have the confidence to go forward with a dissertation. Understandably, some students feel a little pressure when doing term papers due to the time and effort it entails.

The Difference Between Management And Leadership In School System Free Essay Example, 5250 words

Moreover, the potential of members of the organisation are exploited more fully. An extreme form of leadership is known as charismatic leadership where personality traits are very important and influence over others is very strong. The charismatic leader becomes a true role model for others in the organisation and the followers have high expectations. Other forms of leadership include distributed leadership, in which there is greater delegation, collaborative leadership, in which several members work together committed towards a common good, and moral leadership, which has a strong moral dimension. Another form of leadership, called servant-leadership focuses on caring relationships with others, in which others are involved in the decision making, and which seeks to enhance their personal growth. There are also instructional and learning-oriented forms of leadership that are more closely associated with and could therefore be more relevant for education. The former focuses on developmental aspects, and according to Bush (2003), instructional leadership focuses on direction more so than processes, and on the purpose of education. There is therefore a greater emphasis on both teaching and learning given that these are main objectives of educational institutions. Educational organisations with formal management or managerial leadership tend to have hierarchical and bureaucratic structures and bounded systems. We will write a custom essay sample on The Difference Between Management And Leadership In School System or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In subjective management or post-modern leadership, it is assumed that organisations are creations of the people working in them, in which situations are interpreted differently according to their individual backgrounds (Bush, 2003). Ambiguity management or situational leadership places emphasis on change within an environment of uncertainty. The unclear goals and processes result in changeable decisions. Ordinarily, management and leadership could be considered as synonymous. However, it would perhaps be more appropriate to describe leadership in general as a form of strategic management. The main differences between ordinary management, and more strategic management descriptive of leadership, are based on two key aspects: scope and timeframe. Under strategic management, the scope of activities is typically much wider and the time frame of planning is much longer. â€Å"Managers seek to integrate tasks so that they are consistent with the values of the school and are mutually compatible† (Bush & Coleman, 2000: 3). This requires a holistic approach in which the manager considers all activities taking place within the organisation and conducts careful and detailed planning that also extends over a long period.

Reflection Of Education SocratesAllegory Of The Classroom

Ever since I was a little girl, I have been dancing at the same studio with the same dance teachers. Over time, there were several student teachers that came in to teach and learn along with me. Eventually, those teachers were trained enough to be able to teach their own classes. This meant my old teachers were taking their knowledge and trusting others to portray their legacy now that there was no one else to lean on. After switching studio’s, I was able to realize there were many differences in what I knew mentally and what was actually being applied. Socrates’ allegory of the cave was portrayed as a message separating the materialistic features from the mental features in objects. There are many different aspects in dance that are†¦show more content†¦I was in complete shock that all of the basics I had learned at my old studio were not the correct dance moves. After the help and all of the aha moments, I made the decision that leaving my old studio was the best decision I could have made for myself and my ability. Looking back on my experience, there was a lot I could have never imagined would be possible. There is a common technique for dance that should be carried through each teaching. There was not enough teaching from the previous teachers to be able to carry on the lasting legacy for me to succeed. I was trusting to my first teachers to put their all in new teachers to be able to have a great experience but I was let down. Being taught a completely different technique from the true technique set me back from succeeding and expanding my knowledge. If I did not catch it in the long run, it could have affected my whole dance career. Socrates’ allegory was a concept of the light reflecting on the materialistic objects to be able to show others who do not know the truth could potentially see through a shadow to show the object through their mental visions. This allows for the thought to be there, but the truth is not known unt il it is experienced for themselves. By following my gut instinct and reaching to expand my knowledge allowed me to come out of the cave an experience the light outside of the cave. Ever since I have switched dance studios, my ability to do different tricks

Ojt Termpaper free essay sample

Students who want to work onboard international and domestic vessels after graduation can take advantage of programs that link schools to the real world of work of seafarers. OI offers courses accredited by Technical Education Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and in-house courses that uses vessels in partnership with 2GO Group (previously Negros Navigation-Aboitiz Transport System), as floating classrooms, as the main training environment. Oceanlink Institute envisions itself to be the preferred provider of skilled and competent maritime, hospitality, and culinary arts professionals Anchored in excellence, they are committed to: Develop students’ competence through the delivery of quality education to meet global requirements of the shipping and other service industries. Provide a harmonious working environment for the employees, suppliers, customers and other stakeholders. Comply with the Safety and Environmental Policy and uphold its Corporate Responsibility Program. A. New knowledge, attitudes, and skills acquired I acquired and learned various skills through effective application of the theories and concepts learned in our formal education. We will write a custom essay sample on Ojt Termpaper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page exposure and hands-on types of learning are imperative for they teach the students the first-hand experiences and professionalism in the real business world.

Julius Caesar Play Essays - Cassii, , Term Papers

Julius Caesar Play The play Julius Caesar is an eclectic mix of wise and ignorant, cunning and na?ve, heroes and cowards. The pageantry set forth in the play exemplifies the formality of everyday Roman life and the gravity of the official duties. Each main character in Julius Caesar has a positive quality that embraces the reader and a negative quality that leads to their tragic downfall. Although the characters possess more than two qualities, their strongest, most aggressive points shine through. At the end of the play two characters are forced to penetrate each other's minds and evaluate the good and evil. One is a domineering, egotistical, selfish conspirator. He lacks the power and appraisal that his enemy, Julius Caesar has, and, therefore, uses his envy and jealousy as a drive to convert others to challenge Caesar. His opposing force is a reserved, mediocre man who's only love his the country he stands upon. The powerhouse of confidence versus the dollhouse of reservation ends in an explosion of destruction. Marcus Brutus is the most admirable character in Julius Caesar. He is the only person involved in the conspiracy against Caesar for his country. He truly believes that Caesar's ambition will ruin the fortitude of his beloved Rome. Brutus uses his hidden inner strength to survive the brutality of the conspiracy and the harsh reality of the aftermath. In the beginning of the play, Brutus appears as a quiet lamb. He follows the herd, lives by example, and keeps his thoughts and opinions disclosed from the public masses. Although he is reserved, his undying desire for a better Rome shines through like light flowing from a stained-glass window. When Cassius first confronts Brutus to become a member of the conspiracy, his lacking confidence is evident. Brutus says, "Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius, / that you would have me seek into myself/ for that which is not in me?" (1.2.45-47). However, his self-assurance grows as the play continues and by the end he stands up for his beliefs and backs them with power. Brutus is admirable for his love and devotion to Rome. He was born Roman and died Roman. His affection for justice and honor is one of the most evident characteristics about him. The opposite of Marcus Brutus is Gaius Cassius. He is a strong-willed, cunning, jealous villain who only wants Julius Caesar dead for his own, selfish reasons. He sees Caesar as an ambitious man who is after more power and control. What Cassius forgets to do is to evaluate his own image and realize his race for personal betterment. Throughout the play, Cassius, like a cat, uses his mind controlling skills to climb his way to the top, not caring whom he pounces on in the end. He converts Brutus to his mere puppet. Cassius dreams of the thoughts and actions and has Brutus carry the negative plans out. Cassius is the most villainous character because he is actually a coward. He is too afraid to go for his goals himself, to work hard and achieve the right to be a leader. Instead, he underhandedly commits other Romans to kill an adored leader for his own selfish merit and his proclaimed "justice." Cassius is even afraid to overcome a challenge with Brutus. Even during a devilish argument in act IV, Cassius gives in to Brutus' desires (4.228-30). He is too afraid of losing his workman and too much of a coward to become the leader. Brutus and Cassius are two opposite characters. Brutus is a compassionate, reserved, humane individual. He knows his goals and desires and goes after them quietly and respectively. He does everything for the good of Rome, even when it comes to sacrificing his life. Cassius, however, is a vile, envious coward, whose mind is like a tempest, longing to thrust danger upon those more powerful than he. Although both die gruesome deaths, Brutus dies an honorable, patriotic soul and Cassius dies a disgraceful, mischievous man.

Resume

Resume Objective: To aquire a part time job in the retail sales industry. I would like to work in a part time capacity after school and on weekends.Languages: Fluently bilingual in writing and speaking French and English Work expereince: 2000 Byway Val Caron I worked as a cashier and also did inventory Baby sitter I have been babysitting since the age of 12 to present.My duties included caring for the children, cooking their meals and help with the cleaning of the house .Volunteer work: 1998 to 1999 July I belonged to the Leo's club where I helped out at numourous dances and the Christmas teleton.I also worked the cask register for the St.Vincent de Paul Society.Education: 1998-2002 Ecole secondaire catholique l'Horizon Val Caron best subjects: Math, computer, science, french and english Interests, hobbies and skills: -listening to music -basketball - listening to ppl -fashion(style) Awards : Math : 1998 Science: 1999 French:2000 French resume: Objectif: Pour saisir un travail a mi-temps d ans l'industrie de ventes au detail.Deutsch: St.-Vincent-de-PaulJe voudrais travailler dans une capacite a mi-temps apres l'ecole et les fins d'semaines Languages parlees et ecrites: Courament bilingue par ecrit et parler en francais et en anglais Experience de travail: 2000 Byway Val Caron J'ai travaille comme caissiere et egalement faite le inventaire Garde les enfants Sa fait longtemps que je soigne les enfants depuis l'age de 12 ans a aujourd'hui. Mes assignement est de soigner les enfants, cuire leur mets et aussi aider a nettoyer la maison.Benevolat: 1998-1999 juillet Je appartenait a une club appeler "Leo's Club" ou j'ai aider a plusieurs danses et le telethon de noel Aussi j'ai travailler comme caissiere a St. Vincent de Paul Societe.Scolarite: 1998-2002 Ecole secondaire catholique l'Horizon Val Caron best subjects: Math, computer, science,

Corporate governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Corporate governance - Essay Example After several events, the organization became the fourth largest investment banks in America. The organization filed for bankruptcy protection on September 15, 2008. Due to several reasons and controversies Lehman Brothers collapsed. Global financial crisis, inadequate management style and poor performance of the chairman and managing director, Dick Fuld are the major reasons behind the collapse. Objectively, the reasons behind the collapse can be divided into two groups, such as corporate governance failures and technical issues (Wearing, 2005, p.121). The organization was following very inadequate corporate governance arrangements. Corporate governance is an important and effective system that helps an organization to direct and control (Solomon, 2007, p.52). It helps to determine the activities of the board of an organization. Effective corporate governance practices help an organization to set and address the organizational value. Lack of effective corporate governance practices, lack of transparency, Dick Fuld’s inadequate leadership strategy and neglecting the significance of effective corporate governance drove the organization towards bankruptcy. Corporate Risk Management and Corporate Governance failure Risk was part of Lehman Brothers day-to-day business. ... In reality, the executive committee of Lehman Brother’s met only twice before the bankruptcy in the year 2006 and 2007 respectively (Choudhury, 2012, p.147). Moreover, the organization started to practice high risk business operations before its collapse. In this particular period the organization had to focus on the aggressive growth strategies in order to overcome the challenges. During 2006-2007, Lehman Brothers developed exposures to structured products, risky subprime lending, high-risk lending for leveraged buyout and commercial real estate but it did not considered the fact that the loans were not liquid. In addition, Lehman Brothers exceeded their internal risk limits and higher earning pursuit control. These facts are considered as the beginning of the collapse (Rosenberg, 2012, p.244). It is evident that the top level executives and officers of the organization violated their duties and responsibilities by exposing their firm to potential liability by wrong financial statements. Repo 105 was the specialty of the misleading transactions of Lehman Brothers. Through Repo 105 the organization could remove more than billions of liabilities from the balance sheet. The misuse and existence of Repo 105 is huge controversial and it goes beyond the corporate governance. The specific corporate governance structure of Lehman Brothers can be considered as the pre-programmed plan to collapse. Over mighty CEO, inefficient executive team, power struggle between the key players and top lieutenant exposed the risk factors. The board of the directors was filled with inexperience and non-executive individuals. This was a toxic combination. The major individual in the

Research in Motion Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

In Motion - Research Paper Example This enhances timely reception and delivery of messages which improve efficiency in business processes. Using this approach, the company introduced the Blackberry as its core product which had a good market reception upon introduction (McQueen, 2010). Despite initial surges in profits, RIM’s products have not remained competitive because of increasing competition from other companies offering better communication platforms and gadgets. Email and SMS have been outdated with introduction of better and more sophisticated communication devices. Samsung Electronics has its Galaxy line of products that allow for direct, video conferencing which enables two people to communicate, via a network, from two different locations. This decline in revenue started in 2011 has made it adopt some survival tactics to remain competitive by reducing operational costs. The company, initially lauded as a high recruiter, shed off 2000 workers in one instance in 2011 thereby drastically reducing its human resource capabilities. Layoffs do not give a company a good image as there are many employees who initiate criminal litigations to demand for their right to stay at their places of service. RIM has organized its employees in teams; this is delegating overall tasks to groups of workers who identify management issues and address them. According to McQueen (2010), one thing lacking in RIM is application of a harmonious working relationship, with effective communication channels among existing employees. This is to improve this teamwork only shown in writing, in the organization’s website. It has had numerous conflicts; a worker wrote a letter to the board of directors in June, 2011 accusing the CEO of having lost direction of the company. The following are human resource initiatives the company should incorporate to remain relevant in an increasingly competitive telecommunications market: The company

The Sense in Organisational Learning, Knowing and Sense making Essay Example for Free

The Sense in Organisational Learning, Knowing and Sense making Essay Experience in Learning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, ideas, concepts, experience and any other kind of element that can be acquired. Learning is the retention of knowledge. It is also a skill such as using tools, creating crafts or simply driving a car. Learning involves practice. Practice is a way of retaining learning. But most of all, learning is a change in behaviour.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As far as I could remember, I learned to walk, speak and do many types of activities in the house by the acquisition of these knowledge and experiences. Either I would learn by following and mimicking gestures that the elder people would show me or I would engage into the experience of the concept. For example, I learned not to run fast down the stairs because one time that I did, I fell three flights and bumped my head. I learned how to remember the names of many relatives by repeatedly seeing them in family gatherings. Conversing with these people required me to utter their names and so that helped me remember their names and how I was related to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As I entered formal learning, other tools where available for me to increase knowledge and experience. Reading books was a way to learn how to know things. Before operating machines such as household appliances or laboratory machines, it is imperative to read instruction manuals so that I could transform myself into someone who did not know how to operate the machine into someone who knew how. And therefore there was a definite change in behaviour because of this. Learning things on your own is different when learning inside an organization. Experience in Participating in an Organization   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are two general kinds of participants in an organization or in a group endeavour. One can either be an active or a passive participant. Active participation involves doing different roles at different times depending on the need of the organization. In group discussions for example, one can be an initiator, regulator, informer, supporter or an evaluator. All these roles must be found in the whole group embodied by its participants in order for the group to develop and evolve its visions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another insight I gathered from participating in organizations is that one can learn fully if one keeps an open mind and heart. Each participant has his unique person moulded from a definitive history. Each person has his own ideas and learning style. If participants do not cooperate in the organizations, it will be harder to achieve objectives. Sometimes, participating in an organization requires one to compromise some comfort zones. There will be moments when a co-participants’ idea does not match your own. Sometimes, this will be cause of conflict. However, after the exchange and debate on the idea, conflict is soon resolved. Even at times when breakdown of the organization occurs, this will also signify that the conflict was resolved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I cannot be half part of an organization. Participation in an organization must be whole for it to be worthwhile. Being a part of an organization means adhering to its vision, mission and goals. If a person cannot embrace the organization’s objectives, then his participation will be futile. From what I observed, when organizations have members that are half believers of the organization’s goals, their participation in the organization are half done as well. Their motivations to act on the organization’s needs are also superficial and the tendency to protect one’s self interest over the group’s interest is stronger. Four Learning Theories   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning whether it involves an individual or a group is possible. Four theories of learning guide many teachers, managers and leaders into helping their constituents acquire knowledge and experience. The behaviourists, cognitive, humanist and situational orientation of learning are four theories that have been developed in the field of learning. The Behaviourist theory developed by practitioners of psychology believes that a person learns according to how the environment gives it instructions. Experimental procedures have been used to study behaviour in this discourse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Cognitive orientation does not believe so. Scholars of the cognitive theory believe that the individual learns due to its mental abilities. The process of knowing or â€Å"cognition† was the one leading the act of learning therefore learning relied much on an individual’s thinking capacity. The Humanist approach followed a certain process of growth patterned from human growth. Learning for these theorists involves a person’s evolution of needs that Maslow and Rogers have defined. The Situational orientation in learning relies on the involvement of a person to different community events and practices. Through individual’s participation to these frameworks, learning is experienced and thereby achieved. The Organization’s capability of learning, sensing and knowing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The individuals that constitute the organization bring all their learning abilities into the organization thereby helping the organization achieve goals. When organizations are able to achieve their goals, learning, sense making and knowledge achieved is not only claimed by each participant in the organization but the organization as a single entity as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Organizational knowing creates three kinds of knowledge. Tacit knowledge is found the experience and expertise of participants. Explicit knowledge is visualized as rules and routines that participants undergo. Cultural knowledge can be found in the organization’s assumptions, beliefs and values. The ‘corporate culture’ idiom has been coined due to the effort to package cultural knowledge of the organization so that it can be taught to employees. New knowledge is achieved by sharing and integrating these three types of knowledge. With new knowledge, the organization has the capacity to act on decisions that help the organization transform their potentials. Although new alternatives are achieved, new uncertainties are also acquired but essential to the organization’s ability to form new knowledge is the capacity of the organization to evolve facing challenges of its industry and ever changing environment. â€Å"The central argument is that any organization is the way it runs through the processes of organizing   This means that we must define organization in terms of organizing.   Organizing consists of the resolving of equivocality in an enacted environment by means of interlocked behaviors embedded in conditionally related processes. To summarize these components in a less terse manner, organizing is directed toward information processing in general, and more specifically, toward removing equivocality from informational inputs.† (Weick 1979:90-91)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Besides knowledge making, the organization also goes through the process of sense making. If decision making leads to decisions, sense making leads to the sense of the organizations’ existence of its decisions thereby breaking all kinds of elements that leads to ambiguity and confusion in the organizations’ processes. Sense making is essentially answering Weick’s question, â€Å"How can I know what I think until I see what I say?†. â€Å"In dealing with organizational issues, sense making requires us to look for explanations and answers in terms of how people see things rather than rather than structures or systems. Sense making suggests that organizational issues strategies, breakdowns, change, goals, plans, tasks, teams, and so on are not things that one can find out in the world or that exist in the organization. Rather, their source is peoples way of thinking.† (Universiteit Twente, 2004)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sense making is a better tool in arriving at information for use in the workplace. Studies have proved that sense making has been successful in understanding deaf culture, in reflective thinking in the nursing practice, has been experienced in media education in classrooms with students, and proven beneficial for hard discourses such as sexism, racism and the like.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While Weick emphasize sense making in the retroactive context, Gioia and Mehra deemed the importance of prospective sense making as well. These two approaches further cement the invaluability of sense making in organizations. Each time that participants work towards a common goal, they are compelled to gather past knowledge, experience and facts, make sense out of it collaboratively to learn a new tool that will help the organization achieve their prospects that they envision in the future. Conceptualization of the future in organizations therefore is facilitated by sense making.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this light, sense making further becomes a strategic tool that helps organizations articulate their common visions which can be called prospective ‘sense-giving’ while the tools that helps organizations decipher differences in actions so the that their selection may work well for their group can be termed as retrospective â€Å"sense-discovering†. Furthermore, the notion of sense making being partly deliberate and part emergent makes it a powerful tool for organization management, leadership and organizational learning. At best, sense making is an on-going process much like what learning is. There is no limit to learning. The fact that man has yet to use 97% of his brain capacity, that there is much need for compassion in the world tells many scholars that there is much sense in the notion of sense-making. Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning is the ability that sets man apart from the rest of the animal kingdom. Although there is learning in other animal species, organizational learning has captured man’s ability to prove himself as an intelligent animal in the social context. When a person enters and organization, he sets himself as a member of a whole. As a participant of the whole, the individual synergizes his learning capacities, styles and objectives with other members of the whole. Learning of the individual found in the whole is made possible only if the organization is able to learn first.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the learning tools of sense making, the organization is able to form new knowledge. The knowledge formed has characteristics not found in individual learning. The knowledge formed from sense making in organizations hold both retrospective and prospective senses of the organization as a whole. Elements that form this knowledge is derived from the collective behaviour, cognition, experience and growth patterns of each individual making the collective acquire its own behaviour, experience, growth pattern and intelligence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reflecting on my own learning capacities including development of my own senses, I can prepare myself as I become a part of an organization. Many people enter organizations thinking that they are social institutions fully inorganic. With further understanding of sense making, I have become fully aware that organizations are alive because not only do they reproduce (forming other sub organizations, become global organizations and multinationals), react to stimulus (such as currency fluctuations, technological breakthroughs), grows (such as increase in revenue, increase in employees), they also essentially learn, produce knowledge and ultimately try to make sense in this world. References: Argyris, C. and Schon, D. (1978) Organizational Learning: a theory of action perspective, Addison-Wesley, Reading MA. Brookfield, S. (1987) Developing Critical Thinkers: Challenging Adults to Explore Alternative Ways of Thinking and Acting, Open University Press, Milton Keynes. Burke, P. (2000) A Social History of Knowledge, Polity Press, Cambridge. Choo, Chun Wei (2006) The Knowing Organization: How organizations use information to construct meaning, create knowledge and make decisions, Oxford Uni. Press, Oxford. Dimitrov, V., Kuhn, L. and Woog, R. (2002) Complexity Thinking: A Catalyst for Creativity, School of Social Ecology and Lifelong Learning, UWS Printery. Easterby-Smith, M., Burgoyne, J. and Araujo, L. (1999) (Eds.). Organizational Learning and the Learning Organization: developments in theory and practice, London, Sage. Field, L. and Ford, B. (1995) Managing Organizational Learning: From Rhetoric to Reality, Longman, Melbourne. Fitzgerald, A. and Teal, G. (2003) Organizational Learning and Development Reader, Mc Graw-Hill, North Ryde. Fineman, S., Sims D.and Gabriel, Y. (2006) Organizing and Organizations, SAGE Pub., London. Flood, R.L. (1999) Rethinking the fifth discipline: Learning with the unknowable. Routledge, New York. Foley, G. (Ed) (1995) Understanding adult education and training, Allen Unwin, St Leonards, NSW Glassop, L. and Waddell, D. (2005) Managing the Family Business, Heidelberg Press, Heidelberg, Victoria. Harvard Business Review (2001) Organizational Learning. McGraw-Hill, New York. Lassey, P. (1998) Developing a Learning Organization, Kogan Page, London. Nonaka, I. (1991) The Knowledge Creating Company, Harvard Business School Press, Boston. Pearn, M., Roderick, C., Mulrooney, C. (1995) Learning organizations in practice. McGraw-Hill, London. Polanyi, M. (1962) Personal Knowing; Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Senge, P. (1992) Fifth Discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization, Random House, Milsons Point. Senge, P., Kleiner, A., Roberts, C., Ross, R., Smith, B. (1994). The fifth discipline fieldbook: Strategies and tools for building a learning organization, Double Bay Dell Publishing, New York. Senge, P. (1999) The dance of change: the challenges of sustaining momentum in learning organizations, Random House, Milsons Point. Shaw, P. (2002) Changing the Conversations in Organizations London: Routledge. Stacey, R., Griffin, D. and Shaw, P. (2000) Complexity and Management, London: Routledge. Stacey, R. (1996) Complexity and Creativity in Organizations, San Francisco: Berret-Koehler. Summers, J. and Smith, B. (2004) Communication Skills Handbook, Wiley and Sons, Milton, Qld. Wenger, E. (1998) Communities of Practice; Learning, Meaning and Identity, Cambridge University Press, N.Y. Weick, Karl E. 1979. The Social Psychology of Organizing. 2nd ed. Random House: New York. Weick, K. L. (1995) Sensemaking in Organizations, SAGE Pub., London Universiteit Twente. 2004. Sense Making. [http://www.tcw.utwente.nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Organizational%20Communication/Sensemaking.doc/]

Foothill Toll Roads :: Environmental Wildlife Essays

Foothill Toll Road's All those that are regulars of the I-5 south know how agitating it is to sit through the bumper to bumper traffic, especially on those 90 degree plus summer days. An alternative route is under construction which will help to alleviate some of these traffic woes. The proposed toll road will run parallel to the I-5 and will connect the current portion of the Foothill Tollway to the I-5, just south of San Clemente. As good as this sounds, many sacrifices must be made to accommodate this preferred route. Those that will feel the greatest wrath of the new road are the animals and plants that reside in the San Onofre State Park. The preferred route will be composed of a toll road which will cut directly through the 3,126 acre park. Those that are in favor of the toll road estimate that by the year 2010, the Foothill Corridor is projected to relieve Interstate 5 of 35,000 cars per day, Interstate 405 of 22,000, PCH of 13,000 and Moulton Parkway of 20,000. It is estimated that the corridor will carry 170,000 vehicle trips per day. The 15 miles of roadway will require 24 million cubic yards of earthwork and 1.1 million tons of asphalt paving. The Foothill Transportation Corridor Agency (TCA) has designed a plan with the greatest transportation benefits and the least environmental impacts. The mitigation of biological impacts includes 4 wildlife undercrossings, the creation of over 26.7 acres of wetlands and planting or enhancing 262 acres of the coastal sage scrub habitat. Environmentalists oppose the development of this because of the wildlife that will be endangered and threatened, primarily the California Gnatcatcher. Species that will be endangered include the Pacific pocket mouse, Arroyo southwestern toad, Tidewater goby, Southwestern willow flycatcher, least Bell's vireo and the Riverside fairy shrimp. Those animals that will be threatened consist of the California red-legged frog and the southern steelhead trout (which will no longer have viable habitat in that area). The route would cut through the canyon area that is the home to the "core" population of the California gnatcatcher. The Fish and Wildlife officials estimate that 35 pairs of the birds, which are listed as an endangered species, would be disrupted or displaced by the road and effects of the noise created by construction. There are about 100 pairs of these birds occupying the canyon area and it is from this "core" that the gnatcatchers produce new birds to surrounding areas.

Critical Reflection

Reflection is one of the most important parts of any forms of learning, and is a great tool to be used to allow for greater learning. Reflection whether being a student at primary school, a university student or a member of the workforce has an effect on constructing knowledge about a person and the world around them. It is a vital part of any learning experience and will form the backbone in the transformation from study to application in a field. Reflection can be defined as ‘taking a look back’ on experiences in most contexts, and looking back at the experience analysing and learning from it so therefore ‘constructing the knowledge’ and making the person more knowledgeable and informed. Critical Reflection is â€Å"the process of analysing, reconsidering and questioning experiences within a broad context of issues (e. g. , issues related to social justice, curriculum development, learning theories, politics, culture, or use of technology). [(Wertenbroch & Nabeth, 2000)] People learn by engaging in experiences that allow them utilise their senses and interact with a subject matter. In addition to this interaction, reflection allows for one to link a recent experience with an interrelated mental experience which allows for the development of ‘higher order thinking skills’. [Dewey (1933)] Many philosophers consider Dewey the contemporary inventor of reflection, as most of his ideas stem f rom those of many famous philosophers from the likes of Aristotle, Confucius and Plato.  Read also Critical appreciation of the poem â€Å"Old Ladies’ Home†. Critical Reflection In an article by Jack Mezirow (‘How Critical Reflection triggers Transformative Learning’) he states that â€Å"Critical reflection involves a critique of the presuppositions on which our beliefs have been built. Learning may be defined as ‘the process of making a new or revised interpretation of the meaning of an experience, which guides subsequent understanding, appreciation and action’. He implies by this statement that not just having an experience will somebody just learn from that but also reflecting on the experience and appreciating and understanding the experience in order to reap the full benefits of learning it. (Murray, Kujundzic, 2005) define four activities that are central to critical reflection. These are oâ€Å"Assumption analysis† – This is step number one and involves a person to think in such a way that it challenges how they perceive certain cultural and social values and practices in order to see here impact on their daily lives oâ€Å"Contextual awareness† – Which highlights the social and personal significance of historic and cultural contexts. oâ€Å"Imaginative speculation† – Thinking of other ways to go about usual practices to challenge the current ways of knowledge. oâ€Å"Reflective scepticism† – The interaction of all of the three above mentioned activities, and the ability to think about the subject at hand in order to determine an action or viability of a matter.

Geography of Burma or Myanmar

Burma, officially called the Union of Burma, is the largest country by area located in Southeast Asia. Burma is also known as Myanmar. Burma comes from the Burmese word Bamar, which is the local word for Myanmar. Both words refer to the majority of the population being Burman. Since British colonial times, the country has been known as Burma in English; however, in 1989, the military government in the country changed many of the English translations and changed the name to Myanmar. Today, countries and world organizations have decided on their own which name to use for the country. The United Nations for example, calls it Myanmar, while many English speaking countries call it Burma. Fast Facts: Burma or Myanmar Official Name: Union of BurmaCapital: Rangoon (Yangon); administrative capital is Nay Pyi TawPopulation: 55,622,506 (2018)Official Language: Burmese  Ã‚  Currency: Kyat (MMK)  Form of Government: Parliamentary republicClimate: Tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)Total Area: 261,227 square miles (676,578 square kilometers)Highest Point: Gamlang Razi at 19,258 feet (5,870 meters)  Lowest Point: Andaman Sea/Bay of Bengal at 0 feet (0 meters) History of Burma Burmas early history is dominated by the successive rule of several different Burman dynasties. The first of these to unify the country was the Bagan Dynasty in 1044 CE. During their rule, Theravada Buddhism rose in Burma and a large city with pagodas and Buddhist monasteries was built along the Irrawaddy River. In 1287, however, the Mongols destroyed the city and took control of the area. In the 15th century, the Taungoo Dynasty, another Burman dynasty, regained control of Burma and, according to the U.S. Department of State, established a large multi-ethnic kingdom that was focused on expansion and the conquest of Mongol territory. The Taungoo Dynasty lasted from 1486 to 1752. In 1752, the Taungoo Dynasty was replaced by the Konbaung, the third and final Burman dynasty. During Konbaung rule, Burma underwent several wars and was invaded four times by China and three times by the British. In 1824, the British began their formal conquest of Burma and in 1885, it gained full control of Burma after annexing it to British India. During World War II, the 30 Comrades, a group of Burmese nationalists, attempted to drive out the British, but in 1945 the Burmese Army joined British and U.S. troops in an effort to force out the Japanese. After WWII, Burma again pushed for independence and in 1947 a constitution was completed followed by full independence in 1948. From 1948 to 1962, Burma had a democratic government but there was widespread political instability within the country. In 1962, a military coup took over Burma and established a military government. Throughout the rest of the 1960s and into the 1970s and 1980s, Burma was politically, socially and economically unstable. In 1990, parliamentary elections took place but the military regime refused to acknowledge the results. During the early 2000s, the military regime remained in control of Burma despite several attempts for overthrow and protests in favor of a more democratic government. Government of Burma Today, Burmas government is still a military regime that has seven administrative divisions and seven states. Its executive branch is made up of a chief of state and head of government, while its legislative branch is a unicameral Peoples Assembly. It was elected in 1990, but the military regime never allowed it to be seated. Burmas judicial branch consists of remnants from the British colonial era but the country has no fair trial guarantees for its citizens. Economics and Land Use in Burma Because of stringent government controls, Burmas economy is unstable and much of its population lives in poverty. Burma is, however, rich in natural resources and there is some industry in the country. As such, much of this industry is based on agriculture and the processing of its minerals and other resources. Industry includes agricultural processing, wood and wood products, copper, tin, tungsten, iron, cement, construction materials, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer, oil and natural gas, garments, jade, and gems. Agricultural products are rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane, hardwood, fish and fish products. Geography and Climate of Burma Burma has a long coastline that borders the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Its topography is dominated by central lowlands that are ringed by steep, rugged coastal mountains. The highest point in Burma is Hkakabo Razi at 19,295 feet (5,881 m). The climate of Burma is considered tropical monsoon and has hot, humid summers with rain from June to September and dry mild winters from December to April. Burma is also prone to hazardous weather like cyclones. For example, in May 2008, Cyclone Nargis hit the countrys Irrawaddy and Rangoon divisions, wiped out entire villages and left 138,000 people dead or missing. Sources Central Intelligence Agency. CIA - The World Factbook - Burma.Infoplease.com. Myanmar: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com.United States Department of State. Burma.